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myeloablation : Bone marrow transplantation

Bone marrow transplantation usually requires that the recipient's own bone marrow be destroyed ("myeloablation"). Prior to "engraftment" patients may go for several weeks without appreciable numbers of white blood cells to help fight infection. This puts a patient at high risk of infections, sepsis and septic shock, despite prophylactic antibiotics. However, antiviral medications, such as acyclovir and valacyclovir, are quite effective in prevention of HSCT-related outbreak of herpetic infection in seropositive patients. The immunosuppressive agents employed in allogeneic transplants for the prevention or treatment of graft-versus-host disease further increase the risk of opportunistic infection. Immunosuppressive drugs are given for a minimum of 6-months after a transplantation, or much longer if required for the treatment of graft-versus-host disease. Transplant patients lose their acquired immunity, for example immunity to childhood diseases such as measles or polio. For this reason transplant patients must be re-vaccinated with childhood vaccines once they are off immunosuppressive medications.

3 comments:

  1. Great diagrammatic explanation.

    Bone marrow is the soft, spongy part in the centre of your bones where blood cells are produced.
    The bone marrow contains stem cells, which are early stage cells that produce other cells.
    Each tissue in the body contains stem cells that renew and replace that tissue when needed due to damage.
    Haemopoietic stem cells generate all blood cells in the human body, including red cells, white cells and platelets.

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